In the Russian Chronicle, we find valuable information about the ancient history of Rus’. In 2019, this historical source was published, helping us better understand events in Russian and world history. Comparing the Russian Chronicle with the “Tale of Bygone Years” shows that the beginning of the latter is an altered version of the first chapters of the Russian Chronicle, made by monks of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra in the 17th century. These changes were made to emphasize the importance of the city of Kyiv and the Poliany-Poles in Russian history. Historians noticed this and tried to conceal the Russian Chronicle, since the “Tale of Bygone Years” is the main pillar of their version of Russian history.