The success of Professor Dubinin’s lecture course "The Brain and Needs" prompted him to write a book dedicated to the neurobiology of behavior. Biological needs are the foundation of the foundations of our mental activity. Constantly replacing one another, they urge a person to perform certain actions, set goals, and achieve them. Both momentary and long-term motivators of each of us, biological needs drive the economy, science, art, and ultimately history. By exploring topics such as hunger and curiosity, fear and aggression, love and care for offspring, the desire to lead, freedom, the joy of movement, the author aims to bring you closer to understanding your own brain and body—and explains how to become a skilled user of the mechanisms and programs of the nervous system built into us by nature, so you can reveal and realize your personal talent.