In the early 1830s, A. S. Pushkin became interested in the history of the Peasant War of 1773–1775 led by Emelyan Pugachev.
He carefully studied archival materials and documents, and in 1833 he went on a trip to the places of the uprising—the Orenburg and Kazan provinces—where he questioned elderly eyewitnesses, collecting oral accounts and legends about Pugachev. The result of these studies was two works: the fictional tale “The Captain’s Daughter” and the historical work “The History of Pugachev,” written in Boldino in the autumn of 1833. The censor of “The History of Pugachev” was none other than Emperor Nicholas I himself, who demanded that the work be renamed “The History of the Pugachev Rebellion.”