For many years, the world-famous biologist Frans de Waal has studied the lives of chimpanzees and bonobos. In the course of his research, he identified clear beginnings of ethical behavior within primate communities. In the author’s view, morality is not exclusively a human trait, and its origins must be sought in animals. Empathy and other manifestations of a shared sense of morality are found in monkeys, dogs, elephants—and even reptiles.