“The Backbone of Russia” is a collection of a hundred stories about life in the Urals. This is a unique study of the region’s characteristics, unequal in contemporary Russian culture. It is not merely a description, but the identification of the Urals—an explanation of its features. Just as, at one time, Tolkien created a new fantasy genre through a postmodern reading of European mythology, so do Alexey Ivanov’s works about life in the Urals create a new genre that critics call an “ident.”