Psychological disorders are a true scourge for our biological species. But why does human life contain so much mental suffering?
Partly because emotional states like anxiety, bad mood, and grief were preserved and formed during natural selection, since they were useful—up to a certain point.
Fear helps us avoid danger—at the price of inevitable false alarms. Dullness prevents us from wasting energy chasing the unattainable, but all too often it turns into pathological depression. Other mental disorders—such as drug or alcohol addiction or anorexia—arise from a mismatch between our ancient body settings and the modern environment. There are also solid evolutionary grounds for sexual disorders and for the preservation of schizophrenia genes.
Drawing on telling cases from his own clinical practice and discoveries in evolutionary biology, Dr. Randolph Nesse not only answers why natural selection shaped such a fragile psyche in humans, but also tries to outline ways to alleviate these sufferings, taking into account personal circumstances and individual characteristics.