The article examines the history of the creation of Nicholas Mikhailovich Karamzin’s most voluminous work of fiction, “Letters of a Russian Traveler.” New information obtained from sources (diaries, archives) from Switzerland and France is presented. Ilya Zakharovich Serman, debating with Yu. M. Lotman, concludes that the “Letters” from Germany and Switzerland were written during a trip, while the “Letters” from France and England were written later, in Moscow.