The audiobook is dedicated to Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev—an outstanding scientist who discovered the periodic law of chemical elements, which became one of the foundations of modern natural science. It examines his works in physical chemistry, the study of solutions and gases, as well as his contribution to the development of metrology and economics, which influenced the direction of domestic and world science. Mendeleev’s legacy is significantly broader than the scope of a single field of chemistry and touches practically the entire sphere of scientific knowledge.