Frederick II the Great, King of Prussia, is the greatest monarch of his time, a vivid representative of enlightened absolutism, one of the founders of Prussian-German statehood, and a patron of Voltaire.
In 1739, the young Frederick, still heir to the throne, created a philosophical work titled “Anti-Machiavel, or An Essay on Refuting Machiavelli’s Science,” containing a critique of Niccolò Machiavelli’s famous treatise “The Prince.”
Unlike Machiavelli, who believed that for the public good and the prosperity of the state anything is permitted, Frederick argued that the ruler is primarily obliged to support the well-being and prosperity of his subjects.
Frederick’s views were based on the ideas of the Enlightenment era about reasonable and benevolent statesmen, and they are imbued with humanism and nobility of the depicted ideals.