The novel tells of the fate of a girl from a poor family who was orphaned at an early age, Netochka Nezvanova. The author describes the girl's life from early childhood to maturity, her aspirations and dreams, changes in her character, inner struggle, and irresistible striving for happiness.
Here the contrasts of St. Petersburg are romantically sharpened; they painfully entered the girl's soul, turning her whole life into a “strange, fantastic” “chaos,” for her childish imagination is unable to cope with the reality of these contrasts.