In socialist circles, Alexander Gelfand was better known by his pseudonym Parvus. A political figure could sometimes be deftly transformed into a political dealer, and the scale of his interests and influence is truly astounding. In their research, the authors—based on numerous documents, newspaper and magazine publications, archival data, and authoritative testimonies of eyewitnesses—reconstruct the true picture of Gelfand’s life. Respected historical giants turned out to be colossal figures on clay feet, while the secretive Parvus, remaining in the shadows, directed the fates of empires.