“The Double” is a story about the merging of the bright and dark sides of one person’s character. Golyadkin was nothing remarkable—a titular adviser who made only faint, indulgent smiles appear on the faces of acquaintances and coworkers. And then he begins to act strangely: he suddenly speaks differently, dresses differently, insists on his own opinion. Critics dubbed the work an “account of a mental disorder.” But the author tells not so much about the disease itself as about what might drive an unnoticed, timid clerk into madness.