The most scandalous work of 19th-century Russian literature!
Chernyshevsky’s novel is devoted to “new people” (read: revolutionaries), and the shock produced by the program proposed in it truly places the book among revolutionary events. The book—“scrubbed up,” in other words, reshaping the young Lenin—was printed in Russia due to some fantastic oversight by censorship, which took “What Is to Be Done?” for ordinary fiction.
There really is a lot of fiction and humor here, but there is also bold erotica that harmoniously combines with the socialist utopia: the heroine Vera Pavlovna’s free relationships with revolutionaries Lopukhov and Kirsanov, the “lady in mourning” that stirs progressive youth—everything is almost as effective as the image of the unique ascetic Rakhmetov, who sleeps on nails and subordinates his life to the liberation of the people. The utopian dreams of Vera Pavlovna, foreshadowing a bright world of communes and the triumph of aluminum, add “What Is to Be Done?” with a romantic charm that Chernyshevsky’s followers will try to repeat.